Eugene Polley, injeniyeri w’imashini ukomoka i Chicago, yavumbuye televiziyo ya mbere mu 1955, imwe mu bikoresho bikoreshwa cyane ku isi.
Polly yari injeniyeri wiyigishije muri Chicago, akaba yaravumbuye televiziyo ikoresha ikoranabuhanga ryo kureba amashusho mu 1955.
Atekereza ahazaza aho tutazigera tuva ku ntebe cyangwa ngo dukore imitsi iyo ari yo yose (usibye intoki zacu).
Polly yamaze imyaka 47 muri Zenith Electronics, ava ku kuba umukozi w’ububiko bw’ibikoresho akaba n’umuvumbuzi w’umuhanga mu guhanga udushya. Yakoze patenti 18 zitandukanye.
Eugene Polley yavumbuye uburyo bwa mbere bwo kugenzura ikoranabuhanga ritakoresha insinga kuri televiziyo ya Zenith Flash-Matic mu 1955. Agenzura umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi akoresheje urumuri. (Zenith Electronics)
Igishya gikomeye yakoze ni ugukoresha televiziyo ya mbere idakoresha insinga, izwi ku izina rya Flash-Matic. Hari ibikoresho bya mbere byakoreshejwe mu kuyikoresha byari bifitanye isano na televiziyo.
Flash-Matic ya Polly yasimbuye ikoranabuhanga ryonyine rya televiziyo ryari rizwi icyo gihe, iryo yari ifite imyaka 8.
Kuva televiziyo yatangira, ubu bwoko bw'imirimo y'abantu busanzwe kandi butari bwizewe bwagombaga kugenda busubira inyuma butiteguye, buhindura imiyoboro ku bushake bw'abantu bakuru n'abavandimwe bakuru.
Flash-Matic isa n'imbunda y'amayobera ya siyansi. Igenzura umuyoboro w'amazi akoresheje urumuri.
Zenith, visi perezida mukuru akaba n'umuhanga mu by'amateka y'ikigo, John Taylor, arasetsa ati: “Iyo abana bahinduye imiyoboro, akenshi bagomba no guhindura amatwi yabo y'urukwavu.”
Kimwe n'Abanyamerika babarirwa muri za miriyoni barengeje imyaka 50, Taylor yamaze igihe cye cy'ubuto akanda kuri televiziyo y'umuryango ku buntu.
Mu itangazo ryashyizwe ahagaragara ryo ku ya 13 Kamena 1955, Zenith yatangaje ko Flash-Matic yari irimo gutanga "ubwoko bushya bwa televiziyo".
Nk’uko Zenith abivuga, iyi porogaramu nshya “ikoresha urumuri ruturutse ku gikoresho gito gifite ishusho nk’imbunda kugira ngo icane cyangwa kizimye televiziyo, gihindure imiyoboro, cyangwa kibuze amatangazo maremare.”
Itangazo rya Zenith rikomeza rigira riti: “Umurasire w’ubumaji (nta kibazo ku bantu) ni wo ukora akazi kose. Nta nsinga zimanitse cyangwa insinga zihuza zikenewe.”
Zenith Flash-Matic ni yo mashini ya mbere ya televiziyo idakoresha insinga, yashyizwe ahagaragara mu 1955 kandi yagenewe kumera nk'imbunda y'imirasire y'ikirere. (Jean Pauly Jr.)
“Ku bantu benshi, ni cyo kintu gikoreshwa cyane mu buzima bwa buri munsi,” uyu muvumbuzi umaze igihe kinini avumbuye ibintu mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru yabwiye Sports Illustrated mu 1999.
Muri iki gihe, udushya twamugezeho tugaragara hose. Abantu benshi bafite za remote nyinshi za televiziyo mu rugo, nyinshi mu biro cyangwa aho bakorera, ndetse wenda n'imwe muri SUV.
Barbara Walters asiga ubutumwa bwe ku 'kwigunga' kwe akiri umwana n'icyamuteye gutsinda
Ariko se ni nde ugira ingaruka ku buzima bwacu buri munsi? Eugene Polley yabanje guhanga remote ya televiziyo ihabwa injeniyeri wari uhanganye nayo, bityo yagombaga guharanira umurage we.
Zombi zikomoka muri Polonye. Umuhungu w'uyu muvumbuzi, Gene Polley Jr., yabwiye Fox Digital News ko Veronica yakomokaga mu muryango ukize ariko yashakanye n'umugabo w'umukara.
Umuvumbuzi wa televiziyo Eugene Polley ari kumwe n'umugore we Blanche (Willy) (ibumoso) na nyina Veronica. (Inyandiko ya Gene Polly Jr.)
“Yarangije yiyamamariza kuba Guverineri wa Illinois.” Ndetse yirataga ku bijyanye n’isano yari afitanye na White House. “Data yahuye na perezida akiri umwana,” Jin Jr. yongeyeho.
“Data yambaraga imyenda ishaje. Nta muntu n'umwe wamufashije mu burezi bwe” – Gene Polley Jr.
Nubwo se yari afite intego n'imikoranire, umutungo w'umuryango wa Polly wari muke.
“Data yambaraga imyenda ishaje,” Polly yaravuze ati “nta muntu n'umwe washakaga kumufasha mu myigire ye.”
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Zenith yashinzwe i Chicago mu 1921 n'itsinda ry'abafatanyabikorwa barimo Eugene F. McDonald, umusirikare wo mu ngabo za Amerika zo mu Ntambara ya Mbere y'Isi Yose, ubu ni ishami rya LG Electronics.
Ubuhanga, ubuhanga bwo gutunganya ibintu hamwe n'ubushobozi bwo gukora ibintu bya Polly byakuruye ibitekerezo by'umuyobozi.
Ubwo Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika zinjiye mu Ntambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose mu myaka ya 1940, Polly yari mu itsinda ry'abahanga rya Zenith ryateguraga gahunda ikomeye y'intwaro za Marume Sam.
Polly yafashije mu gukora radar, indorerwamo zo kureba nijoro, na fize zo hafi, zikoresha imiraba ya radiyo kugira ngo ziturike amasasu mu ntera runaka uvuye ku ntego.
Mu Ntambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose, Polly yafashije mu gukora radar, indorerwamo zo kureba nijoro, na fiyuzi zikoresha imiraba ya radiyo mu gucana amasasu.
Umuco w’abaguzi nyuma y’intambara muri Amerika warakuze cyane, kandi Zenith yari ku isonga ku isoko rya televiziyo ryari ririmo gukura vuba.
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Ariko Admiral MacDonald ni umwe mu bababajwe n'icyorezo cya televiziyo: ihungabana ry'ubucuruzi. Yategetse ko hakorwa remote kugira ngo ashobore gufunga amajwi hagati ya porogaramu. Birumvikana ko abayobozi b'ingabo nabo babonye ko hari inyungu.
Polly yashushanyije sisitemu ifite televiziyo irimo uturemangingo tune, kamwe muri buri mfuruka ya konsole. Abakoresha bashobora guhindura ishusho n'amajwi berekeje Flash-Matic kuri uturemangingo tujyanye na two twubatswe muri televiziyo.
Eugene Polley yavumbuye televiziyo ikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya kure mu 1955 kuri Zenith. Muri uwo mwaka, yasabye patenti mu izina ry'ikigo, yatanzwe mu 1959. Irimo sisitemu ya fotoseli zo kwakira ibimenyetso imbere muri konsole. (USPTO)
“Nyuma y’icyumweru kimwe, komanda yavuze ko ashaka kuyishyira mu bikorwa. Yagurishijwe cyane – ntibashoboraga guhaza icyifuzo.”
Mu nkuru y’ikigo, Zenith yagize ati: “Kamanda McDonald yishimiye cyane igitekerezo cya Polly cya Flash-Matic. Ariko bidatinze “yategetse injeniyeri gushakisha andi mashanyarazi yo mu gisekuru gitaha.”
Remote ya Polly ifite imbogamizi zayo. By'umwihariko, gukoresha imirasire y'urumuri bivuze ko urumuri rwo mu kirere, nk'izuba ry'izuba rinyura mu nzu, rushobora kwangiza televiziyo.
Nyuma y'umwaka umwe Flash-Matic igeze ku isoko, Zenith yazanye ikintu gishya cya Space Command, cyakozwe n'umuhanga akaba n'umuvumbuzi ukomeye Dr. Robert Adler. Ibi bitandukanye cyane n'ikoranabuhanga, hakoreshejwe ultrasound aho gukoresha urumuri kugira ngo itere imiyoboro.
Mu 1956, Zenith yatangije ubwoko bushya bwa remote za televiziyo zitwa Space Command. Zakozwe na Dr. Robert Adler. Ni bwo buryo bwa mbere bwo kugenzura kure mu buryo bwa "clicker", bwasimbuye ikoranabuhanga ryo kugenzura kure ryakozwe na injeniyeri wa Zenith Eugene Polley. (Zenith Electronics)
Space Command "yubatswe ku nkoni zoroheje za aluminiyumu zikora urusaku rwihariye rw'amajwi menshi iyo zikubise ku mpera imwe ... zicibwa neza cyane ku burebure kandi zigatanga amajwi ane atandukanye gato."
Iyi ni yo mashini ya mbere ikoresha "clicker" - ijwi riturika iyo inyundo nto ikubise ku mpera y'icyuma cya aluminiyumu.
Dr. Robert Adler yahise asimbuza Eugene Polley mu maso y'inganda nk'uwavumbuye uburyo bwo kugenzura televiziyo.
Inzu y'icyubahiro y'Abavumbuzi mu by'ukuri ivuga ko Adler ari we wavumbuye televiziyo ya mbere "ikora neza". Polly ntabwo ari umunyamuryango wa Inventors Club.
Polly Jr. agira ati: “Adler yari azwiho gutegerezanya ubufatanye n’abandi bahanga ba Zenith, yongeraho ati: “Byarakaje cyane data.”
Ukuboza, uyu munsi mu mateka. Ku ya 28 Ukuboza 1958, ikipe ya Colts yatsinze ikipe ya Giants mu "Mukino Ukomeye Cyane w'Ibihe Byose" wa Shampiyona ya NFL.
Polly, injeniyeri wigishije ubukanishi udafite impamyabumenyi ya kaminuza, yavuye mu bubiko bw'ibikoresho.
Umuhanga mu by'amateka Zenith Taylor agira ati: “Ntimwanga kumwita umukara w'ubururu. Ariko yari injeniyeri w'ubukanishi, umunya-Chicago mubi.”
Igihe cyo kohereza: 25 Nyakanga-2023
